Automatic single-spindle or turret-lathe machine



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' A. E. DRISSNER AUTOMATIC SINGLE SPINDLE OR TURRET LATHE MACHINE Filed Dec. 6, 1921 16 sheets-Sheet e Patented Dec. 29, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALFRED E. DRISSNER, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR T0 THE-NATIONAL ACME COMPANY, OFCLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

AUTOMATIC SINGLE-SPINDLE OR TURRET-LATHE MACHINE.

Application filed December 6, 1921.

as automatic single spindle or turret lathes,-

in which thework upon which the various operations are to be performed is held in a rotatable work spindle and is operated upon by tools supported and held by a rotatable turret, so mounted and indexed as to advance the tools successively into working position, and which machine is adapted for the production of metal parts used in practically all metal working industries from bar stock or forgings, the object of the invention being toprovide an improved machine of this class.

One of'the principal objects of this invention is the provision of an improved machine, in which the entire mechanism is driven by asingle belt or motor thereby doing away with a number of belts or two or moremotors. J Another object of great importance is an improved gear transmission, by. means of which the work'spindle may be driven at a number of different speeds in either direction, and in which the change of speed at any time desired is automatically obtained, and in whichthe speed of the cam drum and parts operated thereby is also changed each time the speed of the spindle is changed.

In machines of this general class it has heretofore been usually necessary to stop the machine and replace gears to change the speed thereby lowering production but in the present'impro'vement the change of speed is automatically obtained at anytime desired, and this change of speed is positive and accurate. This improved gear transmission enables some classes of work to be done at high spindle speed and other classes of work to be done at-low spindle speed, whereas in the general typeof machine of thls kind there is only one speed for the spindle when once in operation. As a result of the present improvement the output of the machine is very-materially increased.

In the present improved machine, as illus- Serial No. 520,287.

trated, the work spindle can be driven both right-handed and left-handed at six different speeds, or when driven only right-handed it can be driven at twelve different speeds.

Another important object of this invention is the provision of an improved means for feeding the stock or bar thereby doing away with the old style weight or gravity feed.

In the present improvement one of the.,.,.,;.

important advantages obtained is that the? cam'drum can be speeded up whenever desired without affecting the speed of the] spindle, which is a great advantage in the indexing of the turret, as very little'time is thus lost in this operation.

Another object of this invention is the provision of an improved top tool or cut-ofi' slide operating mechanism.

The present improved organization and construction of machine permits the use of improved safety mechanisms at several points whereby injury to the mechanism is prevented in case of accident, and these important advantages and objects as well as many others will appear throughout the specification.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification, Fig. 1 is a perspective View of what may be considered the front side of this machine; Fig. 2 is a perspective view of what may be considered the rear side of this machine; Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the machine at the same side shown in Fig. l and therefore what may be considered as the front side, Fig. 4

is a side elevation of the machine at the same side shown in Fig. 2, and therefore what may be considered as the rear side; Fig. 5 is a top or plan view of this improvedv machine partly 5 in section, but with the tool forming and top slides removed; Fig; 6 is a right-hand end view of the machine'as illustrated in Fig. 15 Fig. 7 is a left-hand end view of the machine as illustrated in Fig. 1;'Fig.-8 is a top se'ctional'vie'w of 131118 1mproved gear transmission for the main spindle; Fig. 8 is a detail view of the roller clutch used in connection with the gear transmission mechanism; Fig. 8" is a detail view of the positive clutch cup used in connism; Fig. 8 is a detail view of the do used in connection with this pos1t1ve clutc 1u nection with the gear transmission mocha cup shown in Fig. 8"; Fig. 8 is a fragmentary perspective view part1 in section illustrating the friction parts 0 the double friction clutch mechanism; Fig. 8 is a cross section illustrating one of the members of the double friction clutch mechanism; Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the main spindle and a part of the power feed; Fig. 10 is a cross sectional view of the improved stock feeding mechanism; Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the stock feeding mechanism taken on line 11 -1-1 Fig. 10; Fig. 12 is a detail view of the locking device shown in Fig. 10 for the shifting lever of the stock feeding mechanism; Fig. 13 is a cross sectional view of the turret indexing and locking mechanism; Fig. 14 is a sectional view of the main pulley drive and automatically shiftable gear for automatically changing the speed of the main spindle; Fig. 15 is a perspective detail view of the automatic change speed actuator or gear housing shown in Fig. 14; Fig. 16 is a sectional view of the clutch shaft mechanism; Fig. 17 is a sectional view taken on line 17-17 Fig. 16; Fig. 18 is a detail sectional view of the clutch operating means shown in Fig. 16; Fig. 19 is a sectional view of part of the main spindle driving mechanism; Fig. 20 is a right-hand end view of the mechanism illustrated in section in Fig. 19; Fig. 21 is a longitudinal sectional view of the tool turret and its indexing means; Fig. 22 is a view of the lever mechanism operating the friction and positive clutch mechanism, this view being a left-hand end view of that mechanism which is illustrated in section in Fig. 23, and is the means which controls the clutch mechanism on the shaft of the power transmission mechanism; Fig. 23 is a cross-sectional view taken on lines 23-23 Fig. 22; Fig. 24 is a crosssectional view of the cam shaft driving means; Fig; 25 is a longitudinal view of the cam shaft illustrating the cams thereon in section; Fig. 26 is a partly sectional view of the means for operating the shiftable gear in the power transmission mechanism whereby the speeds of the spindle may be changed; Fig.2? is a sectional View of the driving means for the fast feeding and indexing mechanism; Fig. 28 is a view illustrating the reverse spindle drive control illustrated in Fig. 9; ig. 29 is a partly sectional view of a part of the power feed mechanism connected with cross shaft 333 for driving the cam shaft; and Fig. .30 is a perspective view in diagrammatic form illustrating the assemblage of the various gears. 1

Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several'figures of the drawings.

The present machine is an improvement in many very material respects upon that shown and described in the Cone Patent No.

' nisms.

1,303,216 dated May 6, 1919, owned by the National Acme Company of Cleveland, Ohio, also the assignee of the present invention.

Before proceeding to a detailed description of the machine illustrated in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiment herein described, that the drawings are more or less conventional, many of the cams being omitted or shown conventionally, and that the phraseology herein described is for the purpose of description and not for limitation. For instance, in other words, such cams as are herein shown will be adapted for certain kinds of work, but for other kinds of work different cams-would of course have to be used.

Referring to the accompanying dra\viugs,..

which illustrate the present preferred em bodiment of this improved machine, the machine consists of an oil pan 1, upon which are secured two columns 2 and 3. On top of these two columns a headstock or frame 4 is securely mounted. This frame is of such design as to provide a very rigid base for the majority of the operating mecha- Upon frame 4 three brackets 5, 6 and 7 (see Figs. 2, 4, and 14) are securely mounted.

sign that in connection with the frame 4 they form, at suitable locations, split bearings. These bearings, along with other similar as well as suitable bearings support the operating mechanisms hereinafter described.

The main driving mechanism and sliding gear.

On the top of the twobrackets 5 and 6 caps 8 and 9 (see Figs. 2, 4 and 14) are securely mounted and are of such a design in connection with the brackets that they form split bearings. Bushings 11 and 12 are pressed into these split bearings and freely running in these bushings is the main pulley shaft 10. This pulley shaft projects to the rear of bearing 8, and on this shaft is mounted the back gear 13 and main driving pulley 14. both being keyed to shaft 10 by a key 15. The collar 16, fitted and pinned to shaft 10 and washer 17, securedto end of shaft 10 by a suitable screw, hold in place the pulley 14, back gear 13, and shaft 10.

All the movements of this improved machine are obtained from this main driving pulley 14. This is an important feature in the present organization of machine, and motor power may be used in place of pulley, belt, and countershaft, in which case the pinion of the motor would be fitted on the pulley shaft 10 in place of the ulley 14 and the motor secured to the brac et which in turn would be secured to frame 4.

The split bearings at 5 and 6 (see Fig-14) are also bored and in these are pressed bush- These brackets are of such de-.

ings 25 and 26. Bushing 25 is bored to receive a rotatable shaft 19. Bushing 26 is bored to receive a turned down end of this shaft 19. The back gear 18 fits one end'of shaft 19, being keyed thereon by key 20, and is held in place by a washer 21 and screw. Gear 18 meshes with gear 13 forming the back gears of the machine and in place of these gears justmentioned other sets of (lifierent sizes may be used in place of those shown, and thus a wide range of speed for shaft 19 is obtained. Shaft 19 between bearings 5 and 6 is machined heXagen and a gear-'27 is broached so as to freely slide thereon. This gear could be bored instead of broached and fit on shaft.- 19, which would then be roundwith a long key instead of hexagon; but this is undesirable owing to the fact that the gear would always have a tendency to bind on the key when operating. This difiiculty is overcome by the use of a hexagon shaft.

The turned down end of shaft 19 projects beyond hearing 6 and on this is mounted and keyed a driving sleeve 23. This sleeve at one end is drilled and counter-bored so as to receive part of two safety pins. Adjacent this sleeve is a gear 22 bored to receive a bushing, which in turn is bored to fit shaft 19 and freely runs thereon. Gear 22 is counterbore'd to receive the other part of the two safety pins mentioned above. Gear 22 and sleeve 23 are held in place by means of washer 24 and a screw. A cap 29 is secured to a bracket 28 (see also Fig. 15) and forms a housing for gear 27, thus forming an actuator to control the sliding gear. This bracket 28 is bored to receive a stationary shaft 30, on which it freely slides. shaft is supported by the frame 4 under bearings at 5 and 6. The bracket 28.at 28 is tapped to receive one end of rod 31, which is partly supported and freely slides thru a hole in frame 4 under hearing at 5. The other end of this rod 31 is threaded a suitable distance. On the threaded end of rod 31 two sets of adjustable lock nuts 32 and 33 and two springs 35 and 36 are mounted. Between these springs is the boss of a lever 34 (see also Fig. 26) bored to fit rod 31 so that it may slide thereon. This lever at 34 (see Fig. 26) is bored so as to freely slide on a stationary shaft 37. A keyway is cut in the hub of this lever so that it may slide on key 40, which fits in shaft 37 and has notches 40, 40*, 40, 40, 40 and 40 suitably spaced and located across the top thereof. The shaft 37 is supported by'brac'ket 81 and bracket 38. A dog point screw 44 in bracket 81 keeps the shaft 37 in place and from turning. The lever 34 at 34' is bossed and bored to receive the large end of a plunger 43, which may freely slide therein. The boss is counterboredand tapped so as to receive the screw 41, and this screw is counterbored This to receive the plunger 43, which may freely slide up and down therein. A spring 42 is placed in this counterbore and fits around small end of plunger 43. A pin in the projecting end of plunger 43 keeps the plunger in place. The large end of plunger 43 is machined to fit the notches 40 to 4O cut in key 40. A groove 43 is cut in plunger and a pin (not shown) fits this groove and keeps the plunger from turning while allowing it to move up and down. The lever 34 at 34 is fork shaped, and is machined so as to' receive one end of lever 45 (see Figs. 2 and 4) and this lever 45 at this end has an elongated hole -milled therein and this receives the shank of a stud 46, which fits holes in lever 34 and is secured therein bya nut. This lever 45 at 4'5 (see Figs. 2 and 7) is bored to receive stud 47, which holds roll 48 in place,

allowing same to turn freely. The lower end of this lever 45 is pivoted to a boss on pan 1 by a stud 49. The lever 45 is actuated by I suitable cams on the cam drum '474.

The link belt 3.22 driving mechanism.

In connection with the shiftable gear mechanism just described is a stationary shaft 50 (see Figs. 5 and 8) supported in the split bearings 4 and 4 This shaft is held in place and kept from turning by means of pins 78 and 79 in said bearings (see Fig. 8). One end of this shaft is turned down.

A link belt gear 52 is bored to receive one end of a bushing 51. A gear 53, which meshes with the gear22 (see Fig. 14) is The transmission or spindle driving mecha- On this fixed shaft 50 and next to bearing 4" on the inside is gear 57 (see Figs. 5, 8 and 30), which is bored so as to securely receivethe bushing 56, and this bushing freely runs on shaft 50. Next to this is a spacer 58 bored to fit shaft 50. Besides this is gear bored to fit bushing 59 and freely runs on said bushing. This bushing is eccentrioally bored tofit shaft '50 and is keyed thereon. This eccentric bushing is tapped to receive a screw 77. Next to gear 60 is spacer 61 bored to fit shaft 50 and also drilled to receive screw 77. Besides this is gear 63 (shown in mesh with sliding or shifting gear 27 hereinbefore described, see Fig. 14), which gear 63 is bored to fit the eccentric bushin 62 and freely .runs thereon. -This bushing 62 is bored eccentrically to fit shaft 50 and is keyed thereon. Thisbushing is also drilled and is keyed thereon. Bushing 65 is drilled and counterbored so as to receive part of screw 7 7 This screw thus holds the bushings 59, 62 and 65 and spacers 61 and 64 together in one unit. Bushing 65 is tapped to receive part of screw 76. Next to bushing 65 is spacer 67 which is bored to fit shaft 50 and also drilled to receive part of screw 76. Beside this is gear 69, which is bored to fit eccentric bushing 68 and freely runs thereon. Bushing 68 is eccentrically bored to fit shaft 50 and is keyed thereon. Bush ing 68 is drilled so as to receive part of screw 76. Next to this bushing 68 is spacer 70 which is bored to fit shaft 50 and drilled to receive part of screw 76. Beside this is gear 72,-the last of the six gears,- which is bored so as to fit eccentric bushing 71 and freely runs thereon. Bushing 71 is cocentrically bored to fit shaft 50 and is keyed thereon. Bushing 71 is drilled and counterbored to receive part of screw 76. This screw 76 thus holds the first unit mentioned above and the spacers 67 and 70 along with bushings 68 and 71 together in one large unit. Bushing 71 is drilled to receive part of pin 7 4. On inside of bearing at 4 is spacer 73 which is bored to fit shaft 50, and is keyed thereon. This spacer is also drilled to receive a part of pin 74. Key 75 is the means of keying all the eccentric bushings and spacers except 58 to shaft 50, so that all of said eccentric bushings are fixed to the fixed shaft 50 and the ring gears 60, 63, 66, 69 and 72 are rotatable thereon, while the first gear 57 of the set of six also rotates on the shaft 50 but is not eccentrically supported.

The frame at 4 is drilled to receive part of pin 74. This pin holds spacer 73 in place and also the large unit referred to above consisting of all eccentric bushings and the spacers between same. The gears 72, 69, 66, 63,60 and 57 are idler gears and any nay be meshed with gear 27 when desired, by shifting the latter as hereinbefore described.

Shaft 80 cooperates in the following man ner with the gears on shaft 50. Suitable bushings are mounted in the split. bearings 81, 4, 4 and 4 (see Fig. 8) and form bearings for the revolving shaft 80. Gear 82 is keyed and pinned on shaft 80, and is located next to bearing 81*. Gear 83 is also keyed and pinned on shaft 80, and is located between gear 82 and frame 4. Next to split bearing 4 and in mesh with idler gear 72 is gear 84 keyed to shaft 80. Next comes spacer 86 also keyed to shaft 80. Beside this in mesh with idler gear 69 is gear 91 fitting shank of bushing 92 and pinned thereto. Gear 91 is counterbored to receive a roller clutch mechanism consisting mainly of plate 87 (see Fig. 8). Thisplate is bored so as to fit shaft 80 and is keyed thereon. Key 85 is the means of keying gear 84, spacer 86, and plate 87 to shaft 80. Plate 87 has a suitable number of notches milled therein equally spaced see Fig. 8"). Each of these notches receives a roll 88, and in the straight side of each notch is drilled a hole which receives a spring 89 and a plunger 90. This plunger forces roll 88 away from the straight side ofeach notch. The flange of bushing 92 acts as a spacer between gear 91 and gear 93, which is in mesh with idler gear 66. This gear 93 fits bushing 94 andis pinned thereto and bushing 94 is bored to fit shaft 80 and freely run thereon. Bushing 92 is bored so as to fit shank of gear 93 and freely runs thereon.

This gear 93 is counterbored to receive the cup 95, which is secured by pin 96 and screw 97. This cup is bored to clear boss of gear 93 and is counterbored to receive roll clutch mechanism consisting mainly of plate 98. This plate is milled the same as plate 87 and each of these roll clutch mechanisms is similar to that mentioned above. This roll clutch plate 98 is bored to fit shaft 80 and is keyed thereon. Beside gear 93 is spacer 100, which securely fits shank of plate 98. Next to this is gear 103 bored to fit bushing 104 and pinned thereto, and bushing 104 is bored to fit shaft 80 and freely runs thereon. Gear 103 is counterbored to receive cup 102, which receives roller clutch mechanism (the plate of which is 101) which is similar to that shown in Fig. 8. Cup 102 is similar in design to cup 95. Roll plate 101 is bored so as to fit shaft 80 and is keyed thereon. Key 99 is the means of keying the roll plates 98 and 101 to shaft 80. The flange of bushing 105 acts as a spacer between gear 103 and gear 106 in mesh with idler gear 60. Bushing 105 is bored to fit the shank of gear 103 and freely runs thereon. Gear106 is bored to fit shank of bushing 105 and is pinned thereto. Gear 106 is counterbored so as to receive cup 107 which receives roll clutch mechanism (the plate of which is 108) similar to roller clutch mechanisms already described. Cup 107 is similar in design to cup 95. Plate 108 is bored so as to fit shaft 80 and is keyed thereon. Plate 108 is counterbored to allow clearance of boss of gear 106, shank of bushing 105, shank of gear 103, and bushing 104. Spacer 110 is bored so as to securely fit shank of plate 108. Next to this is the last gear 111 in mesh with idler gear 57. Gear 111 is bored to receive bushing 116 and is pinnedthereto. Gear 111 is also counterbored to receive the cup 112, which receives the roller clutch mechanism- (the plate of which is 113), this machine being similar to those 

